Find Your State’s Analytical Tools to Build Fiscal Sustainability

Database of long-term budget assessments and budget stress tests

For state government budgets to stay on a sustainable path, policymakers must maintain a long-term perspective, informed by high-quality data and analysis. In a 2023 report, “Tools for Sustainable State Budgeting,” The Pew Charitable Trusts identified and defined two analytical tools—long-term budget assessments and budget stress tests—that can help policymakers ensure that today’s revenue and spending decisions do not cause budget problems in the future.

Based on that report, Pew created a database to track the long-term budget assessments and budget stress tests conducted by states throughout the country since 2018. (See Figure 1.) Lawmakers can use the information and reports collected here to find the latest analysis of their state’s fiscal outlook; study authors can learn from studies published in other states to develop or refine their own analyses; and researchers can glean insights on states’ fiscal conditions.

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Source: Pew analysis of state documents and information provided by state officials

The database comprises all long-term assessments and stress tests published since July 1, 2023. Analyses issued before that date are also included if they are the most recent study of their type produced by a state. For example, a New York stress test from 2021 is included because New York has not published a stress test since.

Pew plans to update the database at least twice a year and welcomes suggestions of analyses that may meet its definitions of long-term budget assessments and budget stress tests but are not currently included.

Budget Sustainability Tools Database

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Report

Tools for Sustainable State Budgeting

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Report

Responsible state fiscal policy requires more than just balancing the current year’s budget. It must also include ensuring that the budget is on a sustainable path. Otherwise, policymakers cannot have the lasting impact they hope for: They may act to improve state services or cut taxes only to have to scale those efforts back later. This risk is especially high in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Record budget surpluses, driven largely by federal pandemic aid, empowered states to adopt historically large tax cuts and spending increases from 2021 to 2023, investments that many state leaders hope to build on in coming years.

What is Budget Stress Testing?
What is Budget Stress Testing?
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States Should Measure Budget Risks

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Responsible state fiscal policy requires more than just balancing the current year’s budget. It must also include ensuring that the budget is on a sustainable path. Otherwise, policymakers cannot have the lasting impact they hope for: They may act to improve state services or cut taxes only to have to scale those efforts back later. This risk is especially high in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.