National System Protects Vital Estuaries

Resources about programs and research to help conserve coastal habitat and sustain communities

A person dressed in camouflage pants and jacket, a baseball cap, and wader boots stands at the bow of a boat amid the lush, green grasses of a salt marsh that stretches as far as the eye can see. Sunlight streams down, creating a halo effect around the person’s head. The sky is lightly overcast, with streaks of faint blue visible through the clouds.
Marion Clement, former executive director of the Maryland Bird Conservation Partnership, listens for marsh bird callbacks while conducting a monitoring survey for the Maryland Department of Natural Resources at Monie Bay in Somerset County, which is within the Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve.
Skyler Ballard Chesapeake Bay Program via Flickr

The National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) is a network of protected estuaries and other habitats in coastal and Great Lakes states and territories. Estuaries are vibrant but vulnerable areas where freshwater flowing from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean. Although the Great Lakes are exclusively freshwater, their coasts share many characteristics of estuary ecosystems. The freshwater and salt marshes, seagrass, mangroves, vernal pools, upland forests, and riverine islands in the reserves provide shelter and food for fish, shellfish, wildlife, and birds; buffer developed areas from storms and sea-level rise; define coastal communities; and support recreation and resource-based economies.

The NERRS supports research and stewardship of U.S. estuaries and strong collaboration among federal and state officials, academics, nongovernmental organizations, and other individuals and entities invested in healthy coasts. Each reserve is a partnership between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which provides funding, national guidance, and technical assistance, and a state- or territorial-based entity, such as a natural resource agency or university, which is responsible for the day-to-day management of the site, with input from the local community.

The Pew Charitable Trusts works with scientists, allied organizations, and national, state, and local officials to strategically expand the NERRs network and implement resilience-focused management plans. These plans equip site managers and communities to identify and prepare for environmental threats, such as increasingly severe storms, oil spills and other pollutants, coastal development, and worsening droughts and wildfires. The plans also boost the reserves’ ability to fulfill their core missions of education, research, monitoring, training, and stewardship of these vulnerable but vital ecosystems.

The research and analysis collected here explore the ways the reserves benefit ecosystems, communities, and economies, and examine Pew’s efforts to support and strengthen the NERRS.

Nearly three dozen white ibises—large white birds with long, arcing, yellow beaks—alight on trees in a swampy, forested area.
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Vibrant Louisiana Estuary Closer to Joining Federal System

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On April 20, one of Louisiana’s most vibrant and biodiverse natural habitats could move a step closer to gaining protection as a National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). Two public meetings—on April 20 and 25—will help shape the proposed reserve, which is in the vast Atchafalaya Basin.

Seth Blitch
Seth Blitch
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A National Estuarine Research Reserve in Louisiana

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Earlier this summer, Louisiana nominated a portion of the Atchafalaya Basin—often referred to by coastal scientists and conservationists as “America’s wetland”—to become the country’s 31st site in the federal National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS). This network of protected estuaries and other habitats in coastal and Great Lakes states and territories supports research, stewardship, education, training, and recreation within these vital ecosystems.

Silberreiher
Silberreiher
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Louisiana's First National Estuarine Research Reserve

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A portion of Louisiana’s Atchafalaya Coastal Basin, an area rich in plant and wildlife biodiversity and the site of two actively growing deltas, could soon gain federal designation as a National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR).

American alligator
American alligator
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Louisiana Seeks to Stem Coastal Wetlands Declines

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Despite having the fifth-longest coastline in the U.S. and the country’s largest area of coastal wetlands, Louisiana is the only coastal state without a National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). Officials there are now beginning the extensive process to change that.

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